6. Greek Colonies: A Unique Blend of Independence and Connection

Date: 22 March 2024
Time: 15:00:10 CET
Topic: 6. Greek Colonies: A Unique Blend of Independence and Connection
Tags: Greek patriotism, colonization, independent colonies, mother city, self-governing state, sentimental, religious, filial piety, shared faith, embers, hearth fire, altar fires, kleruchies, citizenship, military outposts, garrisons, Kyme, Cumae, oracle, Sibyl, prophetess

As we discussed earlier, Greek patriotism had a unique twist when it came to colonization. Unlike modern colonies, most Greek colonies were politically independent of their founding city (mother city). Each colony functioned as a separate, self-governing state.

The connection between a colony and its mother city was more sentimental and religious than political. It represented filial piety (respect for one's parents) and a shared faith. This bond was symbolized by the embers colonists carried from the mother city's hearth fire to ignite the altar fires in their new home.

However, there were exceptions. Alongside these independent colonies, another category existed: the kleruchies. Settlers in kleruchies retained their citizenship in the mother city, which maintained control over their affairs. These settlements were essentially military outposts (garrisons) rather than true colonies, and far fewer in number compared to the independent communities.

Footnote:

• Kyme (Cumae), renowned throughout the Greek and Roman world for its oracle and Sibyl (prophetess), is believed to have been founded as early as 1050 BC.